Global FX Market Summary: Middle East, US economic data, Eurozone data April 22 ,2024

Easing tensions in the Middle East:

The recent de-escalation in the Middle East, where Israel’s airstrike did not provoke a wider conflict and Iran has signaled a delay in retaliation, has had a significant impact on global financial markets. This development has improved investor sentiment, which is a measure of their confidence and risk tolerance. When tensions rise in politically unstable regions, investors tend to become more cautious and seek out safe-haven assets, like the US Dollar. With the immediate threat of a broader conflict receding, investors are more willing to take on risk again, leading to a decline in the US Dollar’s value. This is because investors are now looking towards potentially higher returns in riskier assets like stocks and bonds in other countries.

Diverging monetary policy expectations:

Central banks around the world are grappling with the challenge of balancing inflation and economic growth. In the United States, the Federal Reserve is expected to take a more hawkish stance by keeping interest rates higher for a longer period. This decision is likely a response to a series of strong economic data releases, which indicate the US economy is on solid footing. Higher interest rates tend to attract foreign investment, as they offer investors a greater return on their money. This increased demand for US Dollars drives up its value compared to other currencies. On the other hand, central banks in Europe, such as the Bank of England and the European Central Bank, are taking a more dovish approach. They are anticipating a slowdown in economic growth and are looking to stimulate their economies by potentially cutting interest rates. Lower interest rates tend to make a country’s currency less attractive to foreign investors, which can lead to its depreciation.

US economic data:

This week, the US will be releasing key economic data reports, including Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) price index. GDP is a broad measure of economic activity and will provide insights into the overall health of the US economy. A strong GDP reading would indicate that the economy is expanding at a healthy pace. The PCE price index is a key inflation gauge used by the Fed to determine monetary policy. A higher-than-expected inflation reading could put pressure on the Fed to raise interest rates more aggressively to curb inflation. This, in turn, would likely strengthen the US Dollar further.

Weak Eurozone data:

Recent data releases from the Eurozone have painted a concerning picture of the region’s economic outlook. Disappointing Consumer Confidence data suggests that European consumers are feeling less optimistic about the future, which could lead to decreased spending. This translates to slower economic growth for the Eurozone. A weak economic outlook can lead to a decline in the value of the Euro. Investors may be less willing to hold Euros if they believe the Eurozone economy is headed for a slowdown. This decrease in demand weakens the Euro relative to the US Dollar.

 

Upcoming Economic news highlights:

 

Here’s a list of the high-impact economic releases for the week of April 22nd, 2024 with a brief explanation of each:

• ECB President Lagarde Speech (April 22nd, 15:30 EUR): This speech by the head of the European Central Bank (ECB) could provide clues about the bank’s monetary policy stance, impacting the Euro (EUR). Lagarde’s comments on inflation and interest rates are particularly noteworthy for investors.
• HCOB Composite PMI (April 23rd, 07:30 & 08:00 EUR): The HCOB Composite PMI is a key indicator of business activity in the Eurozone. It combines manufacturing and services data, providing a comprehensive view of economic health. A reading above 50 indicates expansion, while below 50 suggests contraction. This release is available at two different times with potentially slightly revised figures.
• HCOB Manufacturing PMI (April 23rd, 07:30 & 08:00 EUR): This PMI focuses specifically on the manufacturing sector within the Eurozone. It can provide insights into production levels, new orders, and employment in manufacturing, impacting the Euro (EUR).
• HCOB Services PMI (April 23rd, 07:30 & 08:00 EUR): This PMI measures activity in the services sector of the Eurozone economy. A strong performance in services can help offset weakness in manufacturing. This release is also available at two different times with potentially slightly revised figures.
• S&P Global/CIPS Composite PMI (April 23rd, 08:30 GBP): Similar to the HCOB Composite PMI, this release measures overall business activity in the UK economy. A strong reading here can support the British Pound (GBP).
• S&P Global/CIPS Manufacturing PMI (April 23rd, 08:30 GBP): This PMI focuses on manufacturing activity within the UK. It can influence the British Pound (GBP) by signaling trends in production and employment.
• S&P Global/CIPS Services PMI (April 23rd, 08:30 GBP): This PMI gauges activity in the UK services sector. A healthy services sector can help bolster the overall UK economy, impacting the British Pound (GBP).
• Australian Consumer Price Index (CPI) (April 24th, 01:30 AUD): This report measures inflation in Australia. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) looks at price changes for a basket of goods and services consumers typically purchase. A higher than expected CPI reading can lead to expectations of tighter monetary policy from the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA), potentially strengthening the Australian Dollar (AUD).
• RBA Trimmed Mean CPI (April 24th, 01:30 AUD): This is an alternative measure of inflation in Australia that excludes extreme price movements. The RBA Trimmed Mean CPI can provide a clearer picture of underlying inflationary trends, impacting the Australian Dollar (AUD).

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